In the real world of architectural construction, temples were built by imitation. The state of kerala was by and large a part of the tamil cultural domain, during the rule of the cheras, up to the 3rd century ce the earlier cave temples of kerala were influenced. Wooden architecture in kerala wooden architecture in. The surviving nair houses have many structural elements like raised foundations, wall and ceiling carvings, steeply sloping roofs, etc. In its most primitive form this construction is seen in the hypaethral temples enshrining. Vastu tramtkjn in kerala vasfu is regarded in india more as a philosophy rather than as a science.
The vastu shastras, the ancient canonical texts on architecture, classify temples into three different orders. Temple architecture south india pdf download culture notes dravidian architecture was an architectural idiom that emerged in the southern part of the indian subcontinent or south india. This article deals with architecture, temple design, and art in ancient india and also with continuity between harappan and historical art and writing. Jainism, one of the three most ancient indian religious traditions still in existence, has very small presence 0. Award of excellence for conserving sree vaddakkunnathan temple in keralas thrissur is a recognition accorded to the massive conservation efforts for preserving this ancient temple. The entire area between these gopurams is roofed with tiles and known as anapanthal. The temples of kerala are referenced in the works of the tamil alwar saints and the nayanmar saints. Temple architecture south india pdf download culture notes.
The role of five elements of nature in temple architecture. Distinctive kerala style of temple architecture navrang. Keralas style of architecture is unique in india, in its striking contrast to dravidian architecture which is normally practiced in other parts of south india. Bharata temple, dated 855 ad is the earliest temple inscription. Traditional kerala architecture is primarily based on the principles of thatchu shashtra science of carpentry and vaasthu shashtra science of architecture and construction.
Primitive man sought some kind of protection against wild animals, rainfall, storm, sunlight, lightning and mist and fog. This is the second portfolio of drawings to be published by mimar. They come mainly under two groups, the southern group and the northern group. What is especially interesting among wooden architecture in kerala is the kutambalam.
Hindu temple architecture as the main form of hindu architecture has many varieties of style, though the basic nature of the hindu temple remains the same, with the essential feature an inner sanctum, the garbha griha or wombchamber, where the primary murti or the image of a deity is housed in a simple bare cell. Art and thought are the two manifestations of our culture. Travancore rajas emerged triumphant as the dominant rulers in kerala. It is a kind of theater, which stands in the precinct of a large hindu temple, for the performance of religious dramas called the kutiyattam on festive days, and occasionally of traditional music and dance. Pdf a study on kerala style temple architecture and.
Earliest sculptures are also datable to the same period. Houses were constructed facing the east, preferably and the design of the buildings as well as the. These hypaethral temples had trees, stone symbols of. Located in south asia, it has unique traditions with interesting cultural landscape. In north india it is common for an entire temple to be built on a stone platform with steps leading up to it. Several works on the temple architecture were written in. Temple and domestic architecture unlike the other architectural traditions in the mainland the design of kerala temples shows a close similarity with the domestic architecture of the region. Largely dictated by the geography of the region that abounds in forests blessed with the bounties of the monsoons, the structure of the temples in kerala is distinctive. These sculptures could have been an inseparable part of a shrine. The distinct architectural styles of temple construction of the north india and the south india was the result of the broad geographical, climatic, ethnic, racial, historical and linguistic differences resulted, from early on, in.
Kerala architecture has rich tradition and there was never an attempt to collect valuable details and traditional styles and methods used by kerala architects of olden days. Gabled roof and ceiling works are the prime features of kerala architectural style. Temple architecture of kerala is quite different from other regions. Guruvayoor temple is a typical example for keralas temple vastuvidya ancient treatises on architecture. The south indian hindu temple building design system.
People living in the artic and tropical regions need housing for selfprotection than anything else. Although we have focussed mostly on hindu temples, at the end of the chapter you will find some information on major buddhist and jain temples too. Further, unlike in south india it does not usually have elaborate boundary walls or. Temple architecture of kerala, kerala temples, temples of. The architectural style of kerala temples has an inherent simplicity. Buy the temple architecture of india book online at best prices in india on. Buy the temple architecture of india book online at low. Try to be inside the temple premises during the aarti as after the aarti a decorated elephant circles around the main temple which is a good thing to see. We showcase our architectural monuments as repositories of the indic culture. Lakshmi s, international journal of research in engineering, it and social sciences, issn 22500588, impact factor. Architecture is the art which so disposes and so adorns the edifice raised by men, for whatsoever uses.
It is only after this date that each began to evolve in its own different direction. The same goes for the architecture in kerala, where you can see buildings. Anyone with more information on features of kerala architecture and practices earlier used by kerala architects may please write to us with details to be included in this. Kerala architecture is one of the most exciting examples of preservation of vernacular styles. The history of the construction of the temples of kerala dates back to the cheras of the 3rd century bc. Ideavy cornices, strong pillars wide in proportion to their height and the broad base of the sikhar or tower give to indian temple architecture a feeling of strength and solidity. About kerala style beautiful house plans and elevation, home plans, to 3000 square feet plans, kerala home plans, house elevations. Kerala architecture is a kind of architectural style that is mostly found in indian state of kerala. Climatic impact on vernacular architecture of kerala.
Temples in tamil nadu are famous for their marvellous stone works. The 10 best kerala architectural buildings with photos. Architecture major attractions in guruvayoor, thigs to. The architecture of kerala is a blend of dravidian and vedic architectural science vastu shastra that lasted over two millenn ia with local influence. The temple of telika mandir, gwalior and va ital deul, bhubaneshwar were unique and inspired from the early buddhist architecture with retangular plan and the c barrel vault roof of chaitya hall. Built heritage, heritage, student program, traditions, heritage, heritage site, kerala, sasha shuba, travel, world heritage site, world heritage travel.
According to the 2011 india census, kerala only has around 4500 jains, most of them in the city of cochin and in wayanad district medieval jain inscriptions are mostly found on the borders of kerala proper, such as in wayanad in the northeast. Places of worship have been reworked over centuries, the styles differing according to the period of. Achitectural thesis on cultural hub by kaavya shakunthala issuu. The architecture of temples in kerala is different from the other areas in india. It consists primarily of temples with pyramid shaped towers and are constructed of sandstone, soapstone or granite. The rockcut temples are among the earliest known of the temples of kerala and they are assigned to the period prior to 800 ad. Dravidian architecture, temple architecture, maratha architecture, indoislamic architecture. The style of temple architecture that became popular in northern india is known as nagara. It is believed, that t he tantra s amuchaya, thachushastra, manushyalayachandrika and silparatna. The architecture of kerala has been influenced by dravidian and indian vedic architectural science vastu shastra over two millennia.
Pdf a study on kerala style temple architecture and its. Module 2 indian temple architecture linkedin slideshare. Kerala, the wonderful state in southern india has a culture and tradition found nowhere in the rest of the country. Kerala temples have a distinct style of their own by the lavish use of wood, stone and metals. Adress valiyathazhath house, pallikkal po,malappuram, 673634, kerala, india. See more ideas about kerala architecture, kerala and kerala houses. Undergraduate architectural portfolio by varsha kolur issuu. Shop here for pappadom, chakka pappadom a kerala delicacy, banana chips and other pooja items the railway station and bus station are at a 10 min walking distance temple architecture of india the following 6 files are in this category, out of 6 total.
The way its architecture has been designed not only speaks about the artistic and technical capabilities of the craftsmen, but also about the progression and evolution of its society. Kerala being rich in its culture and traditions attracts tourists from all over and is named as one of the hundred great trips of twenty first century. Around this chamber there are often other structures and buildings, in the. The history of ancient kerala is closely related to that of the neighboring state of tamilnadu. It is faced towards the east with two gopurams, one at east kizhakkenada and other at west padinjarenada.